Gagandeep Singh, Srinivas Yellapu, Harkirat Singh Sandhu, Indu Sharma,
Varun Sharma & AJS Bhanwer (2021): Genetic Characterization of the North-West Indian
Population: Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Control Region Variation, Annals of Human Biology,
DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.1879933
The authors sampled 197 total people of NW India from the Jat Sikh, Bania, Khatri, Brahmin & SC castes. One of the main findings is below.
North-West Indian population groups had a total of 55.86% of samples characterised as belonging to South Asian ancestry haplogroups (M, U2, U4), followed by West Eurasian (40.18%, H, HV, I, J, K, N, R, R0, T, U1a, U5a, U7, U8a, W, X) and East Asian (3.96%, A, B, C, D, F, G ) (Fig. 1).
The below analysis is mine, after studying the raw data in the paper.